How to Get a Japanese Driver’s License (2025 Guide – License Conversion & Full Test Route)
Getting a driver’s license in Japan depends on whether your foreign license can be converted. Some nationalities can switch to a Japanese license with no driving test, while others must complete written and practical exams. This guide explains both routes clearly, including required documents, timelines, and official procedures.
If you are handling other administrative tasks in Japan, our guide on how to rent an apartment in Japan may also help you prepare documents for ward offices and official registrations.
Two Ways to Obtain a Japanese Driver’s License
- License Conversion (外国免許切替 / gaimen kirikae) – for holders of eligible foreign licenses
- Full Japanese Licensing Process – for those whose foreign license cannot be converted or who do not have a license
1. License Conversion (Gaimen Kirikae)
Many countries offer a simple conversion process, without requiring a driving test. These include France, Germany, the UK, South Korea, Australia, Belgium, Switzerland, and others. Some countries require a short practical test even for conversion.
Official list of requirements (Tokyo): Tokyo Metropolitan Police – Foreign License Conversion
Step 1: Prepare the Required Documents
- Your valid foreign driver’s license
- Japanese translation from JAF or your embassy
- Residence card (在留カード)
- Passport (to confirm time spent in the issuing country)
- Proof of living in the issuing country for 3+ months after obtaining the license
- ID photos (3×2.4 cm)
- Application fees (approximately ¥4,000–¥6,000)
JAF translation service: https://jaf.or.jp/e/translation
Step 2: Document Check & Interview
The licensing center will verify the authenticity of your foreign license and your driving history. A short interview (often in English) may include questions such as:
- When the license was issued
- Where the applicant learned to drive
- How long the applicant has been driving
Step 3: Required Tests
Depending on the country:
- Vision test: required for all applicants
- Written test: simple 10-question English test (only for certain countries)
- Driving test: required for specific countries
Applicants from fully compatible countries complete only the document review and vision test.
Step 4: License Issuance
Once approved, applicants pay the issuance fee and receive the Japanese license on the same day or at a scheduled return visit. Most conversions take 1–3 visits.
2. Full Japanese Licensing Process
Applicants whose foreign licenses cannot be converted must complete the full Japanese process. This includes written and practical exams, and in most cases, attendance at a driving school.
Process Overview
- Written test (学科試験)
- Practical driving test (技能試験)
- Driving school training (strongly recommended)
Written Test
The written test is available in English in many prefectures and covers:
- Traffic laws and rules
- Right-of-way
- Road signs and markings
- Safety practices
Practical Driving Test
The practical test takes place on a closed course inside the licensing center. Examiners focus heavily on safety and precision. Common evaluation points include:
- Mirror and shoulder checks
- Wide and controlled turns
- Complete stops at stop lines
- Correct signaling timing
- Safe speed and lane discipline
Driving school fees typically range from ¥250,000 to ¥350,000.
Where to Apply
Applications must be submitted at a driver’s license examination center (運転免許試験場) in the applicant’s prefecture.
Example (Tokyo): Tokyo – License Conversion Information
Nationwide licensing offices: National Police Agency – Licensing Offices
Costs
- JAF translation: ¥4,000
- Conversion application fees: ¥2,000–¥6,000
- Full driving school route: ¥250,000–¥350,000
- License issuance: ~¥2,050
Processing Time
- License conversion: usually 1–3 center visits
- Partial conversion (test required): 2–4 weeks
- Full licensing process: several weeks to several months
Tips for the Driving Test
- Make large, clear head movements for safety checks
- Come to a complete stop at stop lines
- Signal at least 3 seconds before turning
- Drive slowly and prioritise safety
- Keep both hands on the wheel
For budgeting information related to transportation and other household expenses, our guide on utilities and monthly bills in Japan may be helpful.
Final Thoughts
The process to obtain a Japanese driver’s license is straightforward for applicants from countries eligible for conversion and more involved for others who must pass the full written and practical exams. Preparing the required documents and understanding the examination procedures will ensure a smooth experience regardless of the route.